Brief
5 cited source familiesIssuer reports and estimatesDated evidence and limitations

Business dynamism: employers, credit and financial distress

Is Canada renewing its business base?

Openings divided by preceding-month active employers, using seasonally adjusted counts. Includes returning employers. Provincial figures overlap the Canada total and are never added. These are activity rates, not business survival or productivity measures. Source quality warnings for observations and rate inputs are shown with their periods in the data table. Use arrow keys to inspect the observations.
Openings divided by preceding-month active employers, using seasonally adjusted counts. Includes returning employers. Provincial figures overlap the Canada total and are never added. These are activity rates, not business survival or productivity measures. Source quality warnings for observations and rate inputs are shown with their periods in the data table. Use arrow keys to inspect the observations.
Data behind the opening visual
Data behind the opening visual
Period or categoryValue (%)Source quality
2019-014.75No flag
2019-024.74No flag
2019-034.78No flag
2019-044.66No flag
2019-054.89No flag
2019-064.93No flag
2019-074.78No flag
2019-084.48No flag
2019-094.52No flag
2019-104.47No flag
2019-114.60No flag
2019-124.62No flag
2020-014.59Use with caution
2020-024.05Use with caution
2020-033.84No flag
2020-044.26Use with caution
2020-055.87No flag
2020-067.79Use with caution
2020-078.02Use with caution
2020-086.10Use with caution
2020-095.89No flag
2020-105.77No flag
2020-115.46No flag
2020-125.48No flag
2021-015.07Use with caution
2021-025.05No flag
2021-035.04No flag
2021-044.67No flag
2021-054.33No flag
2021-064.82No flag
2021-075.15No flag
2021-084.58No flag
2021-094.64No flag
2021-104.80No flag
2021-114.85No flag
2021-124.70No flag
2022-014.80No flag
2022-025.03No flag
2022-034.91No flag
2022-044.78No flag
2022-054.59No flag
2022-064.62No flag
2022-074.80No flag
2022-084.73No flag
2022-094.61No flag
2022-104.65No flag
2022-114.60No flag
2022-124.64No flag
2023-014.71No flag
2023-024.56No flag
2023-034.26No flag
2023-044.82No flag
2023-055.08No flag
2023-064.88No flag
2023-074.35No flag
2023-084.77No flag
2023-094.71No flag
2023-104.71No flag
2023-114.57No flag
2023-124.74No flag
2024-014.83No flag
2024-024.72No flag
2024-034.64No flag
2024-044.74No flag
2024-054.80No flag
2024-064.69No flag
2024-074.69No flag
2024-084.78No flag
2024-094.92No flag
2024-104.85No flag
2024-114.95No flag
2024-125.23No flag
2025-014.74No flag
2025-024.70No flag
2025-034.74No flag
2025-044.75No flag
2025-054.81No flag
2025-064.74No flag
2025-075.11No flag
2025-084.74No flag
2025-094.83No flag
2025-104.48No flag
2025-114.96No flag
2025-124.93No flag
2026-014.94No flag
2026-025.02No flag
2026-035.08No flag
2026-045.07No flag
2026-054.94No flag
2026-065.07No flag
Alberta5.81No flag
British Columbia5.19No flag
Nova Scotia4.93No flag
Ontario5.51No flag
Quebec3.63No flag

Openings divided by preceding-month active employers, using seasonally adjusted counts. Includes returning employers. Provincial figures overlap the Canada total and are never added. These are activity rates, not business survival or productivity measures. Source quality warnings for observations and rate inputs are shown with their periods in the data table.

Credit update · October 25, 2026

August private non-financial corporate credit liabilities were $2.409 trillion, 4.52% above August 2025.

The October 20 release adds August and revises earlier levels. June changes from $2,408,873 million to $2,409,340 million; July from $2,406,526 million to $2,407,981 million. Captured October 26 UTC (October 25 Toronto). Earlier dated extracts and readings retain their original edition.

Seasonally adjusted nominal stock; separate population from employer business counts and formal insolvencies. Not new lending or household debt. The credit tables in this maintained Brief use this successor. The earlier evidence cutoff describes the retained broader assessment, not the newer credit component.

Source update · October 26, 2026

August 2026 has 344 business insolvencies: 261 bankruptcies and 83 proposals. The twelve months through August total 4,758, -6.56% against the preceding twelve months.

This is the qualified August workbook, replacing the held July edition for insolvency tables. No selected historical cell was revised. Corporate plus individual-business filings and bankruptcy plus proposal filings reconcile, as do provincial/territorial totals. These are BIA filings, not statistical business closures or consumer insolvencies. Catalogue modification date is not an asserted release date; workbook captured October 26.

OSB monthly insolvency workbook

Retained reading · September 29, 2026

This earlier answer records the July credit edition and its then-future release calendar. The October 25 update above supersedes its credit figures and calendar; the earlier text is retained for traceability.

ChangedEvidence through 2026-09-29

Next: The next monthly employer edition or source revision can change the activity reading. Statistics Canada schedules August corporate credit for October 20. New OSB insolvency workbooks and the next quarterly lending…

June has 938,951 active employer businesses, up 0.07% from a year earlier. July corporate credit is $2.407 trillion; the two releases also revise earlier observations.

The answer

June 2026 has 938,951 active employer businesses: 1,247 more than the revised May count and 622 more than a year earlier, a 0.07% annual increase. During June, 47,556 businesses opened and 46,795 closed on the seasonally adjusted employer measure. Openings include 31,754 returning employers and 15,802 entrants. An entrant was not active earlier in the current or previous calendar year; it is not necessarily a company that never existed before.

The September 28 release revises earlier employer estimates, including May’s active count from 936,959 to 937,704. July corporate credit liabilities are $2.406526 trillion, up 4.85% from a year earlier. The four selected credit series change in January–June 2026: June’s total rises from $2.398491 trillion to $2.408873 trillion. July is therefore $2.347 billion below revised June, about 0.1% lower. The issuer reports a broader table revision window of January 2025–June 2026; that window is distinct from the changes in these selected series. The retained insolvency workbook still ends in July and the lending survey in 2026 Q2; their checked source bytes are unchanged.

A statistical closure means a business stops having employees. Permanent exit is a later determination, and recent eligible exits can be projected by the publisher. The final six months have no published exit figures. Openings, closures and active counts are seasonally adjusted separately, so their displayed movements are not forced into an exact accounting identity.

Geography, industry and employment size reveal differences hidden by the national total. Multi-establishment businesses can appear in several geographic and industry groups; the totals cannot be reconstructed by adding those rows. The employment-size table has its own adjusted total and denominators.

Corporate debt, lenders’ reported terms and formal insolvencies describe different parts of financial conditions. Outstanding credit is not the flow of new loans. A lending-survey balance describes the direction of changes, not their size. Bankruptcy and proposal filings are a legal record, not a count of all employers that closed. None of these aggregates connects the same businesses through all three experiences.

What this means for the decision

Read employer activity, financial conditions and distress together while keeping their populations distinct. A useful assessment needs both the national trajectory and the geography, industry, size and reporting-lag detail behind it.

The key uncertainty

Experimental employer estimates and seasonal adjustments can revise earlier observations. Recent exits are unavailable or publisher-projected. No compatible released cohort links employer transitions, debt, lending access and insolvency.

What would settle it

The next monthly employer edition or source revision can change the activity reading. Statistics Canada schedules August corporate credit for October 20. New OSB insolvency workbooks and the next quarterly lending survey remain separate checks, with their own populations and periods.

A stable employer count can conceal substantial entry, return and closure. Reading that movement beside corporate credit and insolvencies helps explain the business environment without confusing different populations or treating every closure as a failure.

Evidence reviewed through 2026-09-29 · 5 cited sources · 0 member Resolutions · 6 chapters

The next monthly employer, credit and insolvency editions and the next quarterly lending survey can change this reading. Retain prior bytes, compare like definitions and resolve revisions before refreshing; no unattended update is promised.

Chapter 1§

The movement behind the business count

Start with employer activity, then inspect the movements and seasonal-adjustment residual behind the total.

Opening employers47,5562026-06 · returning employers and entrants
Closing employers46,795Transition from employees to no employees
Change in active employers1,247From the preceding month · seasonally adjusted

The opening rate is 5.07% and the closing rate is 4.99%. Each is calculated as the current month’s count divided by the preceding month’s active count, 937,704. These are Countability’s count-based rates, not a separate published rate series.

Active employer businesses, Canada

Businesses · seasonally adjusted

Active employer businesses, Canada781,471838,162894,853951,5442015-012018-112022-092026-06

Some observations carry issuer quality warnings. The following data table identifies each affected period.

Data: Active employer businesses, Canada
Data: Active employer businesses, Canada
PeriodBusinesses · seasonally adjustedSource quality
2015-01870,074No flag
2015-02872,346No flag
2015-03874,296No flag
2015-04874,990No flag
2015-05877,874No flag
2015-06876,485No flag
2015-07879,082No flag
2015-08880,757No flag
2015-09878,856No flag
2015-10880,236No flag
2015-11881,002No flag
2015-12878,682No flag
2016-01890,435Use with caution
2016-02880,129No flag
2016-03879,629No flag
2016-04882,255No flag
2016-05881,281No flag
2016-06881,447No flag
2016-07881,150No flag
2016-08881,019No flag
2016-09880,469No flag
2016-10880,924No flag
2016-11881,359No flag
2016-12884,015No flag
2017-01886,143No flag
2017-02889,214No flag
2017-03884,227No flag
2017-04885,781No flag
2017-05888,948No flag
2017-06892,660No flag
2017-07888,705No flag
2017-08890,798No flag
2017-09893,264No flag
2017-10891,845No flag
2017-11892,760No flag
2017-12892,484No flag
2018-01893,198No flag
2018-02895,351No flag
2018-03896,388No flag
2018-04897,628No flag
2018-05894,664No flag
2018-06900,087No flag
2018-07900,155No flag
2018-08897,641No flag
2018-09898,692No flag
2018-10899,548No flag
2018-11899,292No flag
2018-12899,554No flag
2019-01899,136No flag
2019-02900,566No flag
2019-03903,396No flag
2019-04904,605No flag
2019-05906,084No flag
2019-06906,927No flag
2019-07908,008No flag
2019-08909,176No flag
2019-09907,825No flag
2019-10906,894No flag
2019-11905,229No flag
2019-12906,918No flag
2020-01904,350Use with caution
2020-02903,201No flag
2020-03873,816Use with caution
2020-04816,303No flag
2020-05793,200No flag
2020-06799,847Use with caution
2020-07821,263No flag
2020-08836,971No flag
2020-09852,656No flag
2020-10862,502No flag
2020-11863,948No flag
2020-12878,525Use with caution
2021-01883,014No flag
2021-02887,756No flag
2021-03893,373No flag
2021-04892,888No flag
2021-05893,602No flag
2021-06893,075No flag
2021-07901,561No flag
2021-08903,641No flag
2021-09905,250No flag
2021-10909,228No flag
2021-11911,875No flag
2021-12913,845No flag
2022-01918,597No flag
2022-02919,968No flag
2022-03922,645No flag
2022-04925,534No flag
2022-05926,289No flag
2022-06926,749No flag
2022-07927,736No flag
2022-08928,091No flag
2022-09928,831No flag
2022-10928,555No flag
2022-11928,157No flag
2022-12930,351No flag
2023-01935,150No flag
2023-02934,916No flag
2023-03929,906No flag
2023-04928,458No flag
2023-05933,131No flag
2023-06934,929No flag
2023-07934,035No flag
2023-08935,200No flag
2023-09933,877No flag
2023-10934,949No flag
2023-11936,336No flag
2023-12936,117No flag
2024-01939,057No flag
2024-02939,561No flag
2024-03939,815No flag
2024-04938,811No flag
2024-05939,494No flag
2024-06936,800No flag
2024-07937,755No flag
2024-08936,848No flag
2024-09937,091No flag
2024-10937,543No flag
2024-11936,309No flag
2024-12938,230No flag
2025-01938,303No flag
2025-02938,460No flag
2025-03938,426No flag
2025-04938,116No flag
2025-05938,311No flag
2025-06938,329No flag
2025-07938,266No flag
2025-08938,313No flag
2025-09939,634No flag
2025-10937,844No flag
2025-11938,406No flag
2025-12937,752No flag
2026-01936,361No flag
2026-02936,213No flag
2026-03936,024No flag
2026-04937,570No flag
2026-05937,704No flag
2026-06938,951No flag

Openings minus closures is 761, while the active count changes by 1,247. The difference is 486. Seasonal adjustment and the construction of these separate series mean their rounded values need not form an exact accounting identity. The discrepancy is retained.

Monthly national employer record
Monthly national employer record
MonthActiveMonthly changeAnnual change (%)OpeningsClosuresOpening rate (%)Closing rate (%)Entrants
2015-01870,074Not published · No recordNot published · No record42,42236,132Not published · No recordNot published · No record17,633
2015-02872,3462,272Not published · No record42,57636,6584.894.2116,731
2015-03874,2961,950Not published · No record38,92136,0884.464.1416,105
2015-04874,990694Not published · No record40,08039,1254.584.4816,905
2015-05877,8742,884Not published · No record40,86936,5764.674.1814,869
2015-06876,485-1,389Not published · No record37,54339,0854.284.4513,493
2015-07879,0822,597Not published · No record41,33438,2414.724.3616,790
2015-08880,7571,675Not published · No record39,59437,2234.504.2314,999
2015-09878,856-1,901Not published · No record33,14738,0143.764.3212,694
2015-10880,2361,380Not published · No record41,21439,0834.694.4516,851
2015-11881,002766Not published · No record43,11038,5294.904.3816,245
2015-12878,682-2,320Not published · No record38,15539,3294.334.4617,774
2016-01890,435 · Use with caution11,753 · Use with caution2.34 · Use with caution42,67838,1884.864.3516,505
2016-02880,129-10,306 · Use with caution0.8940,02346,5304.49 · Use with caution5.23 · Use with caution15,193
2016-03879,629-5000.6140,83540,4874.644.6015,440
2016-04882,2552,6260.8341,85739,1314.764.4515,810
2016-05881,281-9740.3939,99139,7534.534.5115,816
2016-06881,4471660.5738,07538,0414.324.3213,051
2016-07881,150-2970.2444,58044,5405.065.0517,515
2016-08881,019-1310.0340,40540,8004.594.6316,220
2016-09880,469-5500.1836,66639,7774.164.5113,014
2016-10880,9244550.0841,97641,2304.774.6816,173
2016-11881,3594350.0447,36041,9605.384.7619,353
2016-12884,0152,6560.6142,16640,3774.784.5816,124
2017-01886,1432,128-0.48 · Use with caution40,15441,3824.544.6815,494
2017-02889,2143,0711.0341,28637,0504.664.1816,274
2017-03884,227-4,9870.5241,10844,9964.625.0616,449
2017-04885,7811,5540.4041,45040,2174.694.5515,378
2017-05888,9483,1670.8741,93935,9064.734.0515,433
2017-06892,6603,7121.2743,24540,6584.864.5717,033
2017-07888,705-3,9550.8637,10541,5284.164.6513,147
2017-08890,7982,0931.1142,45140,3434.784.5415,471
2017-09893,2642,4661.4542,72742,1414.804.7316,465
2017-10891,845-1,4191.2439,31841,2564.404.6215,971
2017-11892,7609151.2938,68934,1004.343.8211,800 · Use with caution
2017-12892,484-2760.9641,03241,4844.604.6514,733
2018-01893,1987140.8040,50441,1434.544.6115,149
2018-02895,3512,1530.6941,76239,5804.684.4316,040
2018-03896,3881,0371.3843,00341,6324.804.6516,421
2018-04897,6281,2401.3440,56239,9994.534.4615,447
2018-05894,664-2,9640.6440,38842,1994.504.7015,736
2018-06900,0875,4230.8345,85141,3965.124.6315,726
2018-07900,155681.2939,93139,6584.444.4112,344
2018-08897,641-2,5140.7742,15646,1384.685.1316,926
2018-09898,6921,0510.6142,61242,7124.754.7615,030
2018-10899,5488560.8643,13242,4164.804.7215,396
2018-11899,292-2560.7359,075 · Use with caution52,5186.57 · Use with caution5.8428,603 · Use with caution
2018-12899,5542620.7941,77242,9104.644.7715,498
2019-01899,136-4180.6642,69942,6224.754.7415,194
2019-02900,5661,4300.5842,62942,2344.744.7015,245
2019-03903,3962,8300.7843,07240,4354.784.4915,226
2019-04904,6051,2090.7842,07742,0194.664.6514,253
2019-05906,0841,4791.2844,19443,1484.894.7715,647
2019-06906,9278430.7644,70443,2514.934.7717,345
2019-07908,0081,0810.8743,32841,4654.784.5714,977
2019-08909,1761,1681.2940,71940,1864.484.4314,162
2019-09907,825-1,3511.0241,08842,6164.524.6915,802
2019-10906,894-9310.8240,56841,5904.474.5813,956
2019-11905,229-1,6650.6641,75640,2114.604.4314,523
2019-12906,9181,6890.8241,79340,5124.624.4815,233
2020-01904,350 · Use with caution-2,568 · Use with caution0.58 · Use with caution41,592 · Use with caution41,543 · Use with caution4.59 · Use with caution4.58 · Use with caution15,099 · Use with caution
2020-02903,201-1,149 · Use with caution0.2936,65038,8074.05 · Use with caution4.29 · Use with caution12,751
2020-03873,816 · Use with caution-29,385 · Use with caution-3.27 · Use with caution34,69757,0603.846.3210,634
2020-04816,303-57,513 · Use with caution-9.7637,261110,2894.26 · Use with caution12.62 · Use with caution11,509
2020-05793,200-23,103-12.4647,94777,8095.879.538,196
2020-06799,847 · Use with caution6,647 · Use with caution-11.81 · Use with caution61,792 · Use with caution56,989 · Use with caution7.79 · Use with caution7.18 · Use with caution11,680
2020-07821,26321,416 · Use with caution-9.5564,18135,8328.02 · Use with caution4.48 · Use with caution13,261
2020-08836,97115,708-7.9450,110 · Use with caution29,7446.10 · Use with caution3.6211,839
2020-09852,65615,685-6.0849,33533,2695.893.9714,778 · Use with caution
2020-10862,5029,846-4.8949,23735,5195.774.1716,512
2020-11863,9481,446-4.5647,05341,5685.464.8220,954
2020-12878,525 · Use with caution14,577 · Use with caution-3.13 · Use with caution47,33136,7595.484.2515,959
2021-01883,0144,489 · Use with caution-2.36 · Use with caution44,56539,4245.07 · Use with caution4.49 · Use with caution16,503
2021-02887,7564,742-1.7144,59240,5445.054.5916,626
2021-03893,3735,6172.24 · Use with caution44,78439,2275.044.4216,883
2021-04892,888-4859.3841,76341,4894.674.6417,307
2021-05893,60271412.6638,65439,1094.334.3813,609
2021-06893,075-52711.66 · Use with caution43,04341,1624.824.6116,872
2021-07901,5618,4869.7846,00236,1555.154.0515,211
2021-08903,6412,0807.9741,32940,1104.584.4515,456
2021-09905,2501,6096.1741,96241,6754.644.6115,654
2021-10909,2283,9785.4243,45239,5574.804.3715,993
2021-11911,8752,6475.5544,05840,8694.854.4915,967
2021-12913,8451,9704.02 · Use with caution42,88142,7234.704.6915,941
2022-01918,5974,7524.0343,82640,5064.804.4316,203
2022-02919,9681,3713.6346,17845,1635.034.9218,610
2022-03922,6452,6773.2845,20942,7404.914.6517,697
2022-04925,5342,8893.6644,09839,0374.784.2316,145
2022-05926,2897553.6642,51043,0694.594.6515,522
2022-06926,7494603.7742,83240,2184.624.3415,875
2022-07927,7369872.9044,52643,4614.804.6917,447
2022-08928,0913552.7143,86843,7994.734.7217,059
2022-09928,8317402.6042,77642,8284.614.6115,631
2022-10928,555-2762.1343,20043,9274.654.7316,957
2022-11928,157-3981.7942,72342,9814.604.6316,335
2022-12930,3512,1941.8143,03740,7134.644.3915,729
2023-01935,1504,7991.8043,81341,0564.714.4116,617
2023-02934,916-2341.6242,61143,4044.564.6416,454
2023-03929,906-5,0100.7939,79744,0724.264.7115,699
2023-04928,458-1,4480.3244,81544,6834.824.8116,280
2023-05933,1314,6730.7447,12642,7935.084.6117,243
2023-06934,9291,7980.8845,50043,2244.884.6316,913
2023-07934,035-8940.6840,64141,8694.354.4814,005
2023-08935,2001,1650.7744,51943,1274.774.6216,480
2023-09933,877-1,3230.5444,05346,1414.714.9316,941
2023-10934,9491,0720.6944,00843,1164.714.6215,889
2023-11936,3361,3870.8842,76241,4044.574.4315,341
2023-12936,117-2190.6244,39443,3884.744.6316,743
2024-01939,0572,9400.4245,23843,3394.834.6316,386
2024-02939,5615040.5044,33743,9294.724.6816,376
2024-03939,8152541.0743,59943,2264.644.6015,590
2024-04938,811-1,0041.1244,56944,3764.744.7216,491
2024-05939,4946830.6845,06444,4254.804.7316,472
2024-06936,800-2,6940.2044,03046,0944.694.9115,625
2024-07937,7559550.4043,93741,8444.694.4713,194
2024-08936,848-9070.1844,83845,9314.784.9017,164
2024-09937,0912430.3446,06546,2494.924.9414,970
2024-10937,5434520.2845,47645,6224.854.8715,056
2024-11936,309-1,234-0.0046,37047,3814.955.0515,820
2024-12938,2301,9210.2348,93047,4425.235.0717,266
2025-01938,30373-0.0844,51944,9804.744.7915,123
2025-02938,460157-0.1244,09644,1684.704.7114,258
2025-03938,426-34-0.1544,45844,4764.744.7414,551
2025-04938,116-310-0.0744,61144,1404.754.7016,669
2025-05938,311195-0.1345,16745,2034.814.8214,985
2025-06938,329180.1644,44143,8664.744.6714,702
2025-07938,266-630.0547,91346,5155.114.9616,623
2025-08938,313470.1644,49545,0314.744.8013,367
2025-09939,6341,3210.2745,35043,9534.834.6815,738
2025-10937,844-1,7900.0342,12046,1424.484.9115,371
2025-11938,4065620.2246,50545,6884.964.8714,762
2025-12937,752-654-0.0546,23445,8434.934.8915,114
2026-01936,361-1,391-0.2146,30947,1064.945.0214,894
2026-02936,213-148-0.2447,04046,8435.025.0015,377
2026-03936,024-189-0.2647,56347,5765.085.0816,945
2026-04937,5701,546-0.0647,44945,5475.074.8715,138
2026-05937,704134-0.0646,31446,8344.945.0014,751
2026-06938,9511,2470.0747,55646,7955.074.9915,802

Source: Statistics Canada — Experimental estimates for business openings and closures. Experimental monthly estimates, January 2015–June 2026. Business sector industries, Canada. Active means at least one employee; businesses without employees are outside this population.

Chapter 2§

Entrants, returns and delayed exits

Separate entrants and returns from temporary closure and permanent exit, whose evidence arrives later.

Entrants15,802Not active earlier in the current or previous calendar year
Returning employers31,754Previously active businesses that resume employing people
Entrants / openings33.23%Same month and table; not a business survival rate

An entrant need not be a company that has never existed before. The issuer uses activity in the current and previous calendar year. A reopening is a previously active business that returns to employing people. Neither label alone tells us how much employment, innovation or productivity the business will create.

The latest published exit estimate refers to 2025-12: 16,466 exits. The final six months have no published exit values. Permanent exit takes time to establish: Statistics Canada uses employment-file evidence over as much as twenty-four months and regression projections for recent eligible periods. A published exit value can therefore still be an issuer estimate.

Employer openings and the entry component: entrants

Entrants · seasonally adjusted

Employer openings and the entry component: entrants010,29720,59430,8912015-012018-112022-092026-06

Some observations carry issuer quality warnings. The following data table identifies each affected period.

Data: Employer openings and the entry component: entrants
Data: Employer openings and the entry component: entrants
PeriodEntrants · seasonally adjustedSource quality
2015-0117,633No flag
2015-0216,731No flag
2015-0316,105No flag
2015-0416,905No flag
2015-0514,869No flag
2015-0613,493No flag
2015-0716,790No flag
2015-0814,999No flag
2015-0912,694No flag
2015-1016,851No flag
2015-1116,245No flag
2015-1217,774No flag
2016-0116,505No flag
2016-0215,193No flag
2016-0315,440No flag
2016-0415,810No flag
2016-0515,816No flag
2016-0613,051No flag
2016-0717,515No flag
2016-0816,220No flag
2016-0913,014No flag
2016-1016,173No flag
2016-1119,353No flag
2016-1216,124No flag
2017-0115,494No flag
2017-0216,274No flag
2017-0316,449No flag
2017-0415,378No flag
2017-0515,433No flag
2017-0617,033No flag
2017-0713,147No flag
2017-0815,471No flag
2017-0916,465No flag
2017-1015,971No flag
2017-1111,800Use with caution
2017-1214,733No flag
2018-0115,149No flag
2018-0216,040No flag
2018-0316,421No flag
2018-0415,447No flag
2018-0515,736No flag
2018-0615,726No flag
2018-0712,344No flag
2018-0816,926No flag
2018-0915,030No flag
2018-1015,396No flag
2018-1128,603Use with caution
2018-1215,498No flag
2019-0115,194No flag
2019-0215,245No flag
2019-0315,226No flag
2019-0414,253No flag
2019-0515,647No flag
2019-0617,345No flag
2019-0714,977No flag
2019-0814,162No flag
2019-0915,802No flag
2019-1013,956No flag
2019-1114,523No flag
2019-1215,233No flag
2020-0115,099Use with caution
2020-0212,751No flag
2020-0310,634No flag
2020-0411,509No flag
2020-058,196No flag
2020-0611,680No flag
2020-0713,261No flag
2020-0811,839No flag
2020-0914,778Use with caution
2020-1016,512No flag
2020-1120,954No flag
2020-1215,959No flag
2021-0116,503No flag
2021-0216,626No flag
2021-0316,883No flag
2021-0417,307No flag
2021-0513,609No flag
2021-0616,872No flag
2021-0715,211No flag
2021-0815,456No flag
2021-0915,654No flag
2021-1015,993No flag
2021-1115,967No flag
2021-1215,941No flag
2022-0116,203No flag
2022-0218,610No flag
2022-0317,697No flag
2022-0416,145No flag
2022-0515,522No flag
2022-0615,875No flag
2022-0717,447No flag
2022-0817,059No flag
2022-0915,631No flag
2022-1016,957No flag
2022-1116,335No flag
2022-1215,729No flag
2023-0116,617No flag
2023-0216,454No flag
2023-0315,699No flag
2023-0416,280No flag
2023-0517,243No flag
2023-0616,913No flag
2023-0714,005No flag
2023-0816,480No flag
2023-0916,941No flag
2023-1015,889No flag
2023-1115,341No flag
2023-1216,743No flag
2024-0116,386No flag
2024-0216,376No flag
2024-0315,590No flag
2024-0416,491No flag
2024-0516,472No flag
2024-0615,625No flag
2024-0713,194No flag
2024-0817,164No flag
2024-0914,970No flag
2024-1015,056No flag
2024-1115,820No flag
2024-1217,266No flag
2025-0115,123No flag
2025-0214,258No flag
2025-0314,551No flag
2025-0416,669No flag
2025-0514,985No flag
2025-0614,702No flag
2025-0716,623No flag
2025-0813,367No flag
2025-0915,738No flag
2025-1015,371No flag
2025-1114,762No flag
2025-1215,114No flag
2026-0114,894No flag
2026-0215,377No flag
2026-0316,945No flag
2026-0415,138No flag
2026-0514,751No flag
2026-0615,802No flag
Openings, returns and entrants
Openings, returns and entrants
MonthOpeningsReopeningsEntrantsOpenings minus components
2015-0142,42224,78917,6330
2015-0242,57625,84516,7310
2015-0338,92122,81616,1050
2015-0440,08023,17516,9050
2015-0540,86926,00014,8690
2015-0637,54324,05013,4930
2015-0741,33424,54416,7900
2015-0839,59424,59514,9990
2015-0933,14720,45312,6940
2015-1041,21424,36316,8510
2015-1143,11026,86516,2450
2015-1238,15520,38117,7740
2016-0142,67826,17316,5050
2016-0240,02324,83015,1930
2016-0340,83525,39515,4400
2016-0441,85726,04715,8100
2016-0539,99124,17515,8160
2016-0638,07525,02413,0510
2016-0744,58027,06517,5150
2016-0840,40524,18516,2200
2016-0936,66623,65213,0140
2016-1041,97625,80316,1730
2016-1147,36028,00719,3530
2016-1242,16626,04216,1240
2017-0140,15424,66015,4940
2017-0241,28625,01216,2740
2017-0341,10824,65916,4490
2017-0441,45026,07215,3780
2017-0541,93926,50615,4330
2017-0643,24526,21217,0330
2017-0737,10523,95813,1470
2017-0842,45126,98015,4710
2017-0942,72726,26216,4650
2017-1039,31823,34715,9710
2017-1138,68926,88911,800 · Use with caution0
2017-1241,03226,29914,7330
2018-0140,50425,35515,1490
2018-0241,76225,72216,0400
2018-0343,00326,58216,4210
2018-0440,56225,11515,4470
2018-0540,38824,65215,7360
2018-0645,85130,12515,7260
2018-0739,93127,58712,3440
2018-0842,15625,23016,9260
2018-0942,61227,58215,0300
2018-1043,13227,73615,3960
2018-1159,075 · Use with caution30,47228,603 · Use with caution0
2018-1241,77226,27415,4980
2019-0142,69927,50515,1940
2019-0242,62927,38415,2450
2019-0343,07227,84615,2260
2019-0442,07727,82414,2530
2019-0544,19428,54715,6470
2019-0644,70427,35917,3450
2019-0743,32828,35114,9770
2019-0840,71926,55714,1620
2019-0941,08825,28615,8020
2019-1040,56826,61213,9560
2019-1141,75627,23314,5230
2019-1241,79326,56015,2330
2020-0141,592 · Use with caution26,493 · Use with caution15,099 · Use with caution0
2020-0236,65023,89912,7510
2020-0334,69724,063 · Use with caution10,6340
2020-0437,26125,75211,5090
2020-0547,94739,7518,1960
2020-0661,792 · Use with caution50,11211,6800
2020-0764,18150,92013,2610
2020-0850,110 · Use with caution38,271 · Use with caution11,8390
2020-0949,33534,55714,778 · Use with caution0
2020-1049,23732,72516,5120
2020-1147,05326,099 · Use with caution20,9540
2020-1247,33131,37215,9590
2021-0144,56528,06216,5030
2021-0244,59227,96616,6260
2021-0344,78427,90116,8830
2021-0441,76324,45617,3070
2021-0538,65425,04513,6090
2021-0643,04326,17116,8720
2021-0746,00230,79115,2110
2021-0841,32925,87315,4560
2021-0941,96226,30815,6540
2021-1043,45227,45915,9930
2021-1144,05828,09115,9670
2021-1242,88126,94015,9410
2022-0143,82627,62316,2030
2022-0246,17827,56818,6100
2022-0345,20927,51217,6970
2022-0444,09827,95316,1450
2022-0542,51026,98815,5220
2022-0642,83226,95715,8750
2022-0744,52627,07917,4470
2022-0843,86826,80917,0590
2022-0942,77627,14515,6310
2022-1043,20026,24316,9570
2022-1142,72326,38816,3350
2022-1243,03727,30815,7290
2023-0143,81327,19616,6170
2023-0242,61126,15716,4540
2023-0339,79724,09815,6990
2023-0444,81528,53516,2800
2023-0547,12629,88317,2430
2023-0645,50028,58716,9130
2023-0740,64126,63614,0050
2023-0844,51928,03916,4800
2023-0944,05327,11216,9410
2023-1044,00828,11915,8890
2023-1142,76227,42115,3410
2023-1244,39427,65116,7430
2024-0145,23828,85216,3860
2024-0244,33727,96116,3760
2024-0343,59928,00915,5900
2024-0444,56928,07816,4910
2024-0545,06428,59216,4720
2024-0644,03028,40515,6250
2024-0743,93730,74313,1940
2024-0844,83827,67417,1640
2024-0946,06531,09514,9700
2024-1045,47630,42015,0560
2024-1146,37030,55015,8200
2024-1248,93031,66417,2660
2025-0144,51929,39615,1230
2025-0244,09629,83814,2580
2025-0344,45829,90714,5510
2025-0444,61127,94216,6690
2025-0545,16730,18214,9850
2025-0644,44129,73914,7020
2025-0747,91331,29016,6230
2025-0844,49531,12813,3670
2025-0945,35029,61215,7380
2025-1042,12026,74915,3710
2025-1146,50531,74314,7620
2025-1246,23431,12015,1140
2026-0146,30931,41514,8940
2026-0247,04031,66315,3770
2026-0347,56330,61816,9450
2026-0447,44932,31115,1380
2026-0546,31431,56314,7510
2026-0647,55631,75415,8020
The delayed exit and temporary-closure record
The delayed exit and temporary-closure record
MonthExitsTemporary closures
2015-0113,20722,925
2015-0213,46223,196
2015-0313,92322,165
2015-0415,07724,048
2015-0513,41723,159
2015-0613,69225,393
2015-0714,03024,211
2015-0813,52723,696
2015-0913,60924,405
2015-1014,30424,779
2015-1114,59723,932
2015-1213,86725,462
2016-0114,74423,444
2016-0215,80530,725
2016-0314,44326,044
2016-0414,13624,995
2016-0516,21923,534
2016-0610,59827,443
2016-0719,61724,923
2016-0816,04224,758
2016-0913,00326,774
2016-1015,05726,173
2016-1117,97923,981
2016-1215,35725,020
2017-0114,85826,524
2017-0213,68023,370
2017-0315,14129,855
2017-0414,55925,658
2017-0513,33822,568
2017-0614,60026,058
2017-0714,83726,691
2017-0814,30426,039
2017-0915,44626,695
2017-1014,87326,383
2017-1110,90023,200
2017-1214,84026,644
2018-0114,67226,471
2018-0214,45025,130
2018-0314,95326,679
2018-0414,49925,500
2018-0515,32226,877
2018-0613,41327,983
2018-0713,33926,319
2018-0818,25527,883
2018-0913,97028,742
2018-1014,30328,113
2018-1126,919 · Use with caution25,599 · Use with caution
2018-1214,09228,818
2019-0114,17128,451
2019-0214,73027,504
2019-0313,57326,862
2019-0413,83528,184
2019-0514,43428,714
2019-0615,59627,655
2019-0715,45526,010
2019-0814,80525,381
2019-0916,25526,361
2019-1014,94826,642
2019-1115,42924,782
2019-1215,25525,257
2020-0116,001 · Use with caution25,542 · Use with caution
2020-0214,06024,747
2020-0315,67941,381
2020-0425,03385,256
2020-0516,34061,469
2020-0613,62143,368
2020-0713,48622,346
2020-089,81319,931
2020-0911,72321,546
2020-1013,38222,137
2020-1117,62723,941
2020-1211,17625,583
2021-0112,94126,483
2021-0213,67026,874
2021-0313,52025,707
2021-0414,83926,650
2021-0511,21527,894
2021-0613,80627,356
2021-0713,22822,927
2021-0813,59526,515
2021-0914,40927,266
2021-1012,83626,721
2021-1114,00826,861
2021-1214,82927,894
2022-0113,41327,093
2022-0214,73530,428
2022-0314,91727,823
2022-0412,99626,041
2022-0514,25728,812
2022-0613,80826,410
2022-0718,59224,869
2022-0815,20528,594
2022-0914,80028,028
2022-1016,76227,165
2022-1115,20227,779
2022-1214,04926,664
2023-0115,00026,056
2023-0214,91328,491
2023-0314,26429,808
2023-0415,68828,995
2023-0515,04627,747
2023-0615,38827,836
2023-0714,84527,024
2023-0815,25727,870
2023-0916,98329,158
2023-1014,27728,839
2023-1114,58626,818
2023-1215,29128,097
2024-0114,70128,638
2024-0214,49029,439
2024-0314,54128,685
2024-0415,06529,311
2024-0515,44428,981
2024-0615,53730,557
2024-0715,01026,834
2024-0816,60429,327
2024-0914,60031,649
2024-1015,91029,712
2024-1114,35633,025
2024-1216,75630,686
2025-0119,63125,349
2025-0216,64027,528
2025-0317,66826,808
2025-0416,72927,411
2025-0516,41628,787
2025-0615,72428,142
2025-0719,46127,054
2025-0816,20128,830
2025-0917,59726,356
2025-1017,08129,061
2025-1116,81128,877
2025-1216,46629,377
2026-01Not published · Not availableNot published · Not available
2026-02Not published · Not availableNot published · Not available
2026-03Not published · Not availableNot published · Not available
2026-04Not published · Not availableNot published · Not available
2026-05Not published · Not availableNot published · Not available
2026-06Not published · Not availableNot published · Not available

Temporary closures are the issuer’s closing-business count less its exit estimate. No unpublished recent exit is filled with zero, extrapolated by Countability, or presented as a confirmed failure. The opening components and active-stock movements remain separately adjusted series.

Source: Statistics Canada — Experimental estimates for business openings and closures. Definitions and exit projection treatment are pinned with this edition’s table metadata.

Chapter 3§

Where the business picture differs

National stability can conceal differences across places and industries. The groups overlap and are not an additive national decomposition.

Read the employer record for a place

Provincial, territorial and metropolitan figures overlap. An enterprise operating in several industries or geographies can appear in each relevant group, and seasonal adjustment is done separately. Adding the rows does not reconstruct Canada.

Canada, provinces and territories
Canada, provinces and territories
PlaceActiveMonthly changeAnnual change (%)OpeningsClosuresOpening rate (%)Closing rate (%)Entrants
Alberta124,1743041.207,1926,8795.815.552,447
British Columbia156,15967-0.018,1058,1225.195.202,750
Canada938,9511,2470.0747,55646,7955.074.9915,802
Manitoba29,171120.791,3621,3694.674.69490
New Brunswick17,71441.067757804.384.40275
Newfoundland and Labrador12,652-70-0.546277044.935.53201
Northwest Territories1,016193.3664446.424.41Not published · Suppressed
Nova Scotia21,431491.671,0541,0244.934.79374
Nunavut3763-1.05Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Ontario357,671528-0.4919,69119,2865.515.406,439
Prince Edward Island4,201110.482292155.475.1373
Quebec201,853279-0.027,3237,3083.633.632,562
Saskatchewan25,214320.611,2011,1784.774.68395
Yukon1,47962.8575745.095.0226
All published metropolitan areas
All published metropolitan areas
PlaceActiveMonthly changeAnnual change (%)OpeningsClosuresOpening rate (%)Closing rate (%)Entrants
Abbotsford - Mission, British Columbia5,818-210.413193385.465.79Not published · Suppressed
Barrie, Ontario5,197230.062792655.395.12Not published · Suppressed
Belleville, Ontario2,2886-2.2294974.124.25Not published · Suppressed
Brantford, Ontario3,308-1-2.161601694.845.11Not published · Suppressed
Calgary, Alberta47,4861321.952,8722,7626.065.83Not published · Suppressed
Edmonton, Alberta40,2771352.122,3452,2005.845.48Not published · Suppressed
Greater Sudbury, Ontario3,501130.811411324.043.78Not published · Suppressed
Guelph, Ontario4,1150-1.201821944.424.71Not published · Suppressed
Halifax, Nova Scotia11,540433.095264784.584.16Not published · Suppressed
Hamilton, Ontario18,35525-0.429139154.984.99Not published · Suppressed
Kelowna, British Columbia7,476330.753733505.014.70Not published · Suppressed
Kingston, Ontario3,997282.461921684.844.23Not published · Suppressed
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo, Ontario13,298210.146966795.245.11Not published · Suppressed
Lethbridge, Alberta3,54982.451551504.384.24Not published · Suppressed
London, Ontario11,927591.045945395.014.54Not published · Suppressed
Moncton, New Brunswick4,266193.371791684.213.96Not published · Suppressed
Montréal, Quebec105,489110-0.184,1994,2553.984.04Not published · Suppressed
Oshawa, Ontario7,347501.444564036.255.52Not published · Suppressed
Ottawa - Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec30,7621780.971,4461,3094.734.28Not published · Suppressed
Peterborough, Ontario3,00515-0.861341214.484.05Not published · Suppressed
Québec, Quebec20,50431.205795832.822.84Not published · Suppressed
Regina, Saskatchewan6,262110.682842734.544.37Not published · Suppressed
Saguenay, Quebec3,613-60.47951022.632.82Not published · Suppressed
Saint John, New Brunswick3,018-11.311211244.014.11Not published · Suppressed
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan8,433432.783953624.714.31Not published · Suppressed
Sherbrooke, Quebec5,576221.161921753.463.15Not published · Suppressed
St. Catharines - Niagara, Ontario9,002130.354434364.934.85Not published · Suppressed
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador5,873-42-0.422523024.265.11Not published · Suppressed
Thunder Bay, Ontario2,86342.101121113.923.88Not published · Suppressed
Toronto, Ontario187,515103-0.8910,70310,8665.715.80Not published · Suppressed
Trois-Rivières, Quebec3,74720.191031042.752.78Not published · Suppressed
Vancouver, British Columbia89,156-3-0.084,7424,8185.325.40Not published · Suppressed
Victoria, British Columbia11,365260.555224974.604.38Not published · Suppressed
Windsor, Ontario8,936190.284474385.014.91Not published · Suppressed
Winnipeg, Manitoba19,39200.829119334.704.81Not published · Suppressed
All national industry groups and published special aggregates
All national industry groups and published special aggregates
IndustryActiveMonthly changeAnnual change (%)OpeningsClosuresOpening rate (%)Closing rate (%)Entrants
Accommodation (tourism) [721111, 721112, 721113, 721120, 721114, 721211, 721213, 721191, 721192, 721198, 721212]7,807101.063653554.684.5582
Accommodation and food services [72]65,4101051.592,8722,8184.404.321,120
Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services [56]40,9041010.782,2692,2405.565.49668
Air transportation (tourism) [4811, 4812]535-14-1.83Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Arts, entertainment and recreation [71]15,145482.417237084.794.69191
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing [312]1,60540.6952483.253.00Not published · Suppressed
Bus transportation, taxi and limousine services, and vehicle rental (tourism) [485110, 485210, 485410, 485510, 485990, 485310, 485320, 532111, 532120]3,122-44-2.831602115.056.6661
Business sector industries (except educational services and health care and social assistance)814,916662-0.3842,58542,3765.235.2014,172
Business sector industries [T004]938,9511,2470.0747,55646,7955.074.9915,802
Construction [23]126,2223760.446,6656,6785.305.311,686
Educational services [61]10,33531.194624644.474.49137
Finance and insurance and Management of companies and enterprises [52, 55]25,8771-0.831,2661,2604.894.87375
Food and beverage services (tourism) [722511, 722512, 722410]54,304771.632,2912,2464.224.14971
Food manufacturing [311]5,498172.822001793.653.2781
Forestry, fishing and hunting [11]4,04129-3.582522466.286.1354
Health care and social assistance [62]114,1934933.234,5064,0243.963.541,525
Information and cultural industries [51]10,748962.255434545.104.26187
Manufacturing [31-33]41,64046-0.401,2681,2463.053.00385
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction [21]4,99510.162342334.694.6772
Other services (except public administration) [81]72,3731530.912,8992,7704.013.84862
Professional, scientific and technical services [54]120,7872810.046,6686,5275.535.422,045
Rail, scenic and sightseeing transportation (tourism) [482114, 487110, 487210, 487990]25721.18Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Real estate and rental and leasing [53]40,6679-1.382,3242,3295.725.73660
Recreation and entertainment (tourism) [51213, 7111, 7112, 7113, 7115, 7121, 7131, 7132, 713910, 713920, 713930, 713950, 713990]11,179110.915555424.974.85126
Retail trade [44-45]83,489116-0.473,0783,0003.693.60989
Total tourism transportation4,144-52-2.332062634.916.2774
Tourism industry79,433691.183,5203,4984.444.411,278
Transportation and warehousing [48-49]46,807-179-4.433,2963,5237.017.50866
Travel services (tourism) [561510, 561520, 561590]2,1549-1.5588844.103.92Not published · Suppressed
Utilities [22]755-11.48Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Water transportation (tourism) [483115, 483116, 483213, 483214]22330.90Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Wholesale trade [41]34,072-18-2.339881,0352.903.04257

Tourism and manufacturing detail overlap broader industries. Rates use each row’s own preceding-month active count. Small territorial counts can produce large percentage changes; suppressed cells stay suppressed, and a point difference alone is not a statistical-significance test.

Source: Statistics Canada — Experimental estimates for business openings and closures. The industry table contains the issuer’s complete national selection, including nested and special aggregates; no cross-industry total or composite ranking is calculated.

How widely are employer businesses growing?

Canada had 938,951 active employer businesses in June 2026, +622 (+0.07%) compared with June 2025. That national change sits alongside different directions across places, industries and employer sizes.

8 of 13 provincial/territorial series grew, as did 11 of 18 broad industry series and 2 of 5 employment-size series. Each comparison uses the same month one year earlier.

These counts describe series, not distinct firms or shares of Canadian businesses. Enterprises operating in several provinces or industries can appear in each; the series are seasonally adjusted separately. The panels cannot be added to reproduce the national total. Size-band counts can also change when employers move between bands; the size table has its own separately adjusted total.

Provinces and territories · active employer businesses
Provinces and territories · active employer businesses
Provinces and territoriesJune 2025June 2026ChangeChange (%)Source quality
Newfoundland and Labrador12,72112,652-69-0.54%No flag
Prince Edward Island4,1814,201+20+0.48%No flag
Nova Scotia21,08021,431+351+1.67%No flag
New Brunswick17,52917,714+185+1.06%No flag
Quebec201,902201,853-49-0.02%No flag
Ontario359,438357,671-1,767-0.49%No flag
Manitoba28,94329,171+228+0.79%No flag
Saskatchewan25,06025,214+154+0.61%No flag
Alberta122,696124,174+1,478+1.20%No flag
British Columbia156,180156,159-21-0.01%No flag
Yukon1,4381,479+41+2.85%No flag
Northwest Territories9831,016+33+3.36%No flag
Nunavut380376-4-1.05%No flag
Broad industries in Canada · active employer businesses
Broad industries in Canada · active employer businesses
Broad industries in CanadaJune 2025June 2026ChangeChange (%)Source quality
Forestry, fishing and hunting [11]4,1914,041-150-3.58%No flag
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction [21]4,9874,995+8+0.16%No flag
Utilities [22]744755+11+1.48%No flag
Construction [23]125,667126,222+555+0.44%No flag
Manufacturing [31-33]41,80741,640-167-0.40%No flag
Wholesale trade [41]34,88434,072-812-2.33%No flag
Retail trade [44-45]83,88283,489-393-0.47%No flag
Transportation and warehousing [48-49]48,97946,807-2,172-4.43%No flag
Information and cultural industries [51]10,51210,748+236+2.25%No flag
Finance and insurance and Management of companies and enterprises [52, 55]26,09425,877-217-0.83%No flag
Real estate and rental and leasing [53]41,23640,667-569-1.38%No flag
Professional, scientific and technical services [54]120,740120,787+47+0.04%No flag
Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services [56]40,58740,904+317+0.78%No flag
Educational services [61]10,21310,335+122+1.19%No flag
Health care and social assistance [62]110,625114,193+3,568+3.23%No flag
Arts, entertainment and recreation [71]14,78915,145+356+2.41%No flag
Accommodation and food services [72]64,38665,410+1,024+1.59%No flag
Other services (except public administration) [81]71,72172,373+652+0.91%No flag
Employment sizes in Canada · active employer businesses
Employment sizes in Canada · active employer businesses
Employment sizes in CanadaJune 2025June 2026ChangeChange (%)Source quality
1 to 4 employees591,839597,864+6,025+1.02%No flag
5 to 19 employees245,994240,972-5,022-2.04%No flag
20 to 99 employees85,18885,256+68+0.08%No flag
100 to 499 employees12,85312,823-30-0.23%No flag
500 employees or more2,4022,361-41-1.71%No flag

An active business reported at least one employee in the month. These are experimental, seasonally adjusted estimates for the source's business-sector coverage. Education and health cover selected business activities, not every institution. Openings include reopenings; they are not all new firms. The industry panel excludes nested manufacturing subsets, tourism overlaps and a partial-sector subtotal. These comparisons do not measure survival, productivity or the cause of a change.

Sources: Statistics Canada table 33-10-0270-01 (released 2026-09-28); Statistics Canada table 33-10-0722-01 (released 2026-09-28). Exact selected values and definitions rechecked 2026-10-05.

Chapter 4§

The size of the employer matters

Compare employers within their own size-table definitions and denominators, including the separately adjusted total.

The employment-size table reports 938,583 active employers nationally for 2026-06; the main dynamics table reports 938,951. The totals are retained within their own tables. They are not substituted for one another.

Employer dynamics by employment size, Canada
Employer dynamics by employment size, Canada
Employment sizeActiveMonthly changeAnnual change (%)OpeningsClosuresOpening rate (%)Closing rate (%)Entrants
Total, all employment sizes938,5831,2490.0747,17446,7865.034.9915,765
1 to 4 employees597,8646,4791.0240,10439,6426.786.7013,193
5 to 19 employees240,972-3,939-2.046,2046,1262.532.502,134
20 to 99 employees85,256-5430.08Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
100 to 499 employees12,823-47-0.23Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
500 employees or more2,3611-1.71Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed

These are employment-size categories, not revenue bands. Changes in the number of active businesses within a size category can include employers moving between categories. An opening still means a transition from no employees in the previous month to at least one in the current month; moving between size bands alone does not meet that definition. For closures and exits, the issuer uses average employment over the preceding twelve months to assign size. Separate seasonal adjustment means the size bands need not sum to the separately adjusted total.

Employment-size detail for every province and territory
Employment-size detail for every province and territory
Region and employment sizeActiveMonthly changeAnnual change (%)OpeningsClosuresOpening rate (%)Closing rate (%)Entrants
Newfoundland and Labrador · Total, all employment sizes12,656-71-0.536317154.965.62202
Newfoundland and Labrador · 1 to 4 employees8,18012-0.935245886.427.20172
Newfoundland and Labrador · 5 to 19 employees3,176-260.22791032.473.22Not published · Suppressed
Newfoundland and Labrador · 20 to 99 employees1,101-140.27Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Newfoundland and Labrador · 100 to 499 employees182-1-1.62Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Newfoundland and Labrador · 500 employees or more30-1-9.09Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Prince Edward Island · Total, all employment sizes4,201130.502222125.305.0674
Prince Edward Island · 1 to 4 employees2,454401.661871737.757.1762
Prince Edward Island · 5 to 19 employees1,185-39-2.55Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Prince Edward Island · 20 to 99 employeesNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Prince Edward Island · 100 to 499 employeesNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Prince Edward Island · 500 employees or moreNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nova Scotia · Total, all employment sizes21,424481.651,0231,0184.794.76356
Nova Scotia · 1 to 4 employees12,4061283.258318196.776.67285
Nova Scotia · 5 to 19 employees6,148-93-0.841641772.632.8451
Nova Scotia · 20 to 99 employees2,431-60.91Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nova Scotia · 100 to 499 employees4043-1.22Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nova Scotia · 500 employees or more560-1.75Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
New Brunswick · Total, all employment sizes17,69520.937567774.274.39271
New Brunswick · 1 to 4 employees10,2811372.666386326.296.23226
New Brunswick · 5 to 19 employees5,147-102-1.301101252.102.38Not published · Suppressed
New Brunswick · 20 to 99 employees1,928-11-0.36Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
New Brunswick · 100 to 499 employees328-10-3.24Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
New Brunswick · 500 employees or more52420.93Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Quebec · Total, all employment sizes201,876220-0.047,2847,3193.613.632,562
Quebec · 1 to 4 employees121,3135960.306,0526,0805.015.042,078
Quebec · 5 to 19 employees54,873-550-0.691,0421,0171.881.83393
Quebec · 20 to 99 employees21,890130.07Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Quebec · 100 to 499 employees3,228-17-1.19Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Quebec · 500 employees or more4591-3.77Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Ontario · Total, all employment sizes357,285158-0.5719,46319,2275.455.386,333
Ontario · 1 to 4 employees233,8542,4010.4916,88416,5327.297.145,401
Ontario · 5 to 19 employees86,037-2,087-3.112,4312,4022.762.73830
Ontario · 20 to 99 employees31,199-88-0.02Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Ontario · 100 to 499 employees5,421-52-1.26Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Ontario · 500 employees or more1,096-6-1.97Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Manitoba · Total, all employment sizes29,17370.791,3531,3704.644.70482
Manitoba · 1 to 4 employees16,5791781.991,1131,1066.796.74401
Manitoba · 5 to 19 employees8,527-187-1.382102342.412.6962
Manitoba · 20 to 99 employees3,425-120.85Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Manitoba · 100 to 499 employees55702.39Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Manitoba · 500 employees or more104-15.05Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Saskatchewan · Total, all employment sizes25,227430.651,1911,1534.734.58393
Saskatchewan · 1 to 4 employees14,5841291.419499106.576.30308
Saskatchewan · 5 to 19 employees7,427-173-1.581952162.572.8463
Saskatchewan · 20 to 99 employees2,67222.57Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Saskatchewan · 100 to 499 employees450-41.35Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Saskatchewan · 500 employees or more69-2-1.43Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Alberta · Total, all employment sizes124,1973371.257,1646,9135.785.582,416
Alberta · 1 to 4 employees80,3221,1242.266,1405,8787.757.422,036
Alberta · 5 to 19 employees30,860-584-1.038859212.812.93311
Alberta · 20 to 99 employees10,983-260.95Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Alberta · 100 to 499 employees1,891-111.01Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Alberta · 500 employees or more353-4-1.67Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
British Columbia · Total, all employment sizes156,167320.038,0908,1005.185.192,762
British Columbia · 1 to 4 employees100,1296521.306,8296,9016.866.942,283
British Columbia · 5 to 19 employees40,604-677-3.011,0991,0342.662.50394
British Columbia · 20 to 99 employees13,078-700.01Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
British Columbia · 100 to 499 employees1,99120.61 · Use with cautionNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
British Columbia · 500 employees or more351-21.45Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Yukon · Total, all employment sizes1,47952.9276735.164.95Not published · Suppressed
Yukon · 1 to 4 employees814153.3063567.887.01Not published · Suppressed
Yukon · 5 to 19 employees490-101.45Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Yukon · 20 to 99 employeesNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Yukon · 100 to 499 employeesNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Yukon · 500 employees or moreNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · No record, SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Northwest Territories · Total, all employment sizes1,018203.5664336.413.31Not published · Suppressed
Northwest Territories · 1 to 4 employees45551.3435277.786.00Not published · Suppressed
Northwest Territories · 5 to 19 employees390247.44Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Northwest Territories · 20 to 99 employeesNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Northwest Territories · 100 to 499 employeesNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Northwest Territories · 500 employees or moreNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nunavut · Total, all employment sizes3763-1.05Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nunavut · 1 to 4 employees1273-3.05Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nunavut · 5 to 19 employees14310.70Not published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nunavut · 20 to 99 employeesNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nunavut · 100 to 499 employeesNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed
Nunavut · 500 employees or moreNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · SuppressedNot published · Suppressed

Source: Statistics Canada — Experimental estimates for business openings and closures by employment size. Experimental estimates. Each count-based rate uses its own size-table, region and preceding-month active denominator. Quality flags remain attached.

Chapter 5§

Credit and formal financial distress

Read outstanding debt, lenders’ opinions and formal insolvency filings on their own populations and dates.

Corporate credit liabilities$2,409.1B2026-08 · nominal Canadian dollars · seasonally adjusted
Annual change in the debt stock4.52%Same series, twelve months apart; not real credit growth
Lending conditions balance-1.042026 Q2 · negative = net easing; positive = net tightening

The corporate credit series includes non-mortgage loans, mortgages and debt securities owed by private non-financial corporations. It excludes equity from the debt total. This borrower population is narrower than all employer businesses, and an outstanding debt balance is not the flow of new loans or a measure of who could obtain credit.

Composition of the latest corporate credit stock
Composition of the latest corporate credit stock
ComponentNominal Canadian $B
Non-mortgage loans1,057.675
Mortgage loans442.293
Debt securities909.088
Total credit liabilities of private non-financial corporations2,409.056
Total less the three components0.000

Corporate credit liabilities, Canada

Billions of Canadian dollars · nominal · seasonally adjusted

Corporate credit liabilities, Canada08671,7352,6021990-012002-032014-062026-08
Data: Corporate credit liabilities, Canada
Data: Corporate credit liabilities, Canada
PeriodBillions of Canadian dollars · nominal · seasonally adjusted
1990-01311
1990-02313
1990-03315
1990-04319
1990-05320
1990-06322
1990-07325
1990-08326
1990-09327
1990-10328
1990-11328
1990-12329
1991-01330
1991-02330
1991-03330
1991-04330
1991-05330
1991-06330
1991-07330
1991-08330
1991-09327
1991-10328
1991-11331
1991-12329
1992-01330
1992-02330
1992-03330
1992-04329
1992-05329
1992-06332
1992-07332
1992-08331
1992-09332
1992-10334
1992-11335
1992-12329
1993-01333
1993-02331
1993-03327
1993-04327
1993-05329
1993-06330
1993-07331
1993-08335
1993-09338
1993-10338
1993-11340
1993-12341
1994-01343
1994-02348
1994-03353
1994-04358
1994-05357
1994-06357
1994-07355
1994-08353
1994-09353
1994-10355
1994-11354
1994-12358
1995-01360
1995-02361
1995-03364
1995-04365
1995-05365
1995-06364
1995-07366
1995-08367
1995-09363
1995-10368
1995-11374
1995-12376
1996-01379
1996-02381
1996-03384
1996-04382
1996-05384
1996-06385
1996-07386
1996-08387
1996-09387
1996-10389
1996-11392
1996-12392
1997-01396
1997-02400
1997-03404
1997-04409
1997-05413
1997-06416
1997-07418
1997-08423
1997-09426
1997-10432
1997-11435
1997-12436
1998-01440
1998-02445
1998-03450
1998-04458
1998-05465
1998-06471
1998-07476
1998-08483
1998-09484
1998-10483
1998-11483
1998-12484
1999-01486
1999-02488
1999-03492
1999-04491
1999-05492
1999-06491
1999-07494
1999-08496
1999-09496
1999-10498
1999-11500
1999-12502
2000-01506
2000-02515
2000-03522
2000-04528
2000-05533
2000-06538
2000-07542
2000-08545
2000-09549
2000-10549
2000-11550
2000-12547
2001-01554
2001-02562
2001-03570
2001-04572
2001-05573
2001-06575
2001-07579
2001-08583
2001-09587
2001-10589
2001-11592
2001-12595
2002-01598
2002-02602
2002-03608
2002-04607
2002-05605
2002-06602
2002-07601
2002-08604
2002-09607
2002-10609
2002-11612
2002-12609
2003-01598
2003-02589
2003-03581
2003-04578
2003-05573
2003-06571
2003-07572
2003-08572
2003-09571
2003-10572
2003-11573
2003-12574
2004-01574
2004-02575
2004-03576
2004-04577
2004-05582
2004-06587
2004-07588
2004-08586
2004-09582
2004-10581
2004-11586
2004-12590
2005-01588
2005-02588
2005-03589
2005-04592
2005-05595
2005-06601
2005-07602
2005-08601
2005-09602
2005-10604
2005-11602
2005-12601
2006-01605
2006-02610
2006-03613
2006-04615
2006-05618
2006-06622
2006-07626
2006-08630
2006-09632
2006-10636
2006-11648
2006-12654
2007-01661
2007-02670
2007-03681
2007-04686
2007-05689
2007-06687
2007-07694
2007-08701
2007-09702
2007-10709
2007-11717
2007-12726
2008-01736
2008-02742
2008-03750
2008-04749
2008-05752
2008-06753
2008-07756
2008-08763
2008-09771
2008-10785
2008-11798
2008-12805
2009-01806
2009-02809
2009-03811
2009-04801
2009-05797
2009-06796
2009-07788
2009-08781
2009-09776
2009-10770
2009-11767
2009-12764
2010-01761
2010-02756
2010-03751
2010-04752
2010-05752
2010-06752
2010-07753
2010-08751
2010-09752
2010-10756
2010-11760
2010-12761
2011-01769
2011-02774
2011-03778
2011-04779
2011-05780
2011-06781
2011-07792
2011-08804
2011-09813
2011-10810
2011-11808
2011-12808
2012-01805
2012-02811
2012-03817
2012-04827
2012-05833
2012-06840
2012-07844
2012-08846
2012-09852
2012-10858
2012-11863
2012-12868
2013-01872
2013-02883
2013-03889
2013-04903
2013-05918
2013-06938
2013-07945
2013-08952
2013-09953
2013-10960
2013-11971
2013-12973
2014-01984
2014-02992
2014-031,005
2014-041,019
2014-051,026
2014-061,028
2014-071,043
2014-081,057
2014-091,070
2014-101,077
2014-111,084
2014-121,092
2015-011,089
2015-021,107
2015-031,152
2015-041,141
2015-051,157
2015-061,165
2015-071,184
2015-081,193
2015-091,209
2015-101,205
2015-111,210
2015-121,229
2016-011,229
2016-021,218
2016-031,200
2016-041,199
2016-051,217
2016-061,226
2016-071,238
2016-081,241
2016-091,238
2016-101,256
2016-111,262
2016-121,263
2017-011,274
2017-021,287
2017-031,292
2017-041,309
2017-051,321
2017-061,313
2017-071,319
2017-081,328
2017-091,338
2017-101,362
2017-111,368
2017-121,362
2018-011,360
2018-021,379
2018-031,395
2018-041,402
2018-051,417
2018-061,431
2018-071,433
2018-081,436
2018-091,442
2018-101,451
2018-111,465
2018-121,479
2019-011,466
2019-021,473
2019-031,497
2019-041,517
2019-051,529
2019-061,520
2019-071,527
2019-081,534
2019-091,544
2019-101,542
2019-111,550
2019-121,551
2020-011,583
2020-021,602
2020-031,661
2020-041,678
2020-051,674
2020-061,662
2020-071,653
2020-081,646
2020-091,663
2020-101,671
2020-111,658
2020-121,664
2021-011,683
2021-021,686
2021-031,699
2021-041,694
2021-051,694
2021-061,727
2021-071,736
2021-081,757
2021-091,771
2021-101,774
2021-111,803
2021-121,818
2022-011,836
2022-021,847
2022-031,862
2022-041,881
2022-051,885
2022-061,901
2022-071,918
2022-081,945
2022-091,973
2022-101,980
2022-111,986
2022-121,989
2023-011,996
2023-022,016
2023-032,032
2023-042,043
2023-052,054
2023-062,048
2023-072,055
2023-082,077
2023-092,088
2023-102,106
2023-112,112
2023-122,102
2024-012,099
2024-022,112
2024-032,113
2024-042,130
2024-052,137
2024-062,148
2024-072,159
2024-082,166
2024-092,178
2024-102,211
2024-112,226
2024-122,228
2025-012,256
2025-022,272
2025-032,269
2025-042,254
2025-052,266
2025-062,281
2025-072,295
2025-082,305
2025-092,317
2025-102,328
2025-112,348
2025-122,340
2026-012,348
2026-022,362
2026-032,378
2026-042,380
2026-052,393
2026-062,409
2026-072,408
2026-082,409

Source: Statistics Canada — Credit liabilities of private non-financial corporations. A stock of outstanding liabilities. Component residuals are retained rather than forced to zero.

Business lending conditions

Weighted percentage balance · tightening minus easing

Business lending conditions-59.7-11.237.385.81999 Q22008 Q22017 Q22026 Q2
Data: Business lending conditions
Data: Business lending conditions
PeriodWeighted percentage balance · tightening minus easing
1999 Q242.1
1999 Q323.5
1999 Q427.1
2000 Q13.2
2000 Q230.3
2000 Q314.2
2000 Q440.0
2001 Q146.0
2001 Q220.9
2001 Q318.3
2001 Q419.2
2002 Q121.5
2002 Q220.2
2002 Q327.5
2002 Q421.7
2003 Q118.8
2003 Q210.2
2003 Q36.6
2003 Q43.8
2004 Q1-20.7
2004 Q2-20.2
2004 Q3-31.6
2004 Q4-31.8
2005 Q1-28.8
2005 Q2-33.4
2005 Q3-9.1
2005 Q4-11.1
2006 Q1-8.5
2006 Q2-10.2
2006 Q36.6
2006 Q4-1.1
2007 Q1-17.1
2007 Q2-21.9
2007 Q333.7
2007 Q447.4
2008 Q142.0
2008 Q239.0
2008 Q349.8
2008 Q475.8
2009 Q160.3
2009 Q233.4
2009 Q36.7
2009 Q4-8.7
2010 Q1-18.9
2010 Q2-24.8
2010 Q3-22.3
2010 Q4-36.4
2011 Q1-31.7
2011 Q2-49.6
2011 Q3-26.9
2011 Q4-6.3
2012 Q1-16.9
2012 Q2-10.8
2012 Q3-15.8
2012 Q4-3.4
2013 Q1-5.8
2013 Q2-12.7
2013 Q3-7.3
2013 Q4-10.8
2014 Q1-10.9
2014 Q2-12.8
2014 Q3-10.4
2014 Q4-2.7
2015 Q16.7
2015 Q21.4
2015 Q34.2
2015 Q45.4
2016 Q16.4
2016 Q223.9
2016 Q33.2
2016 Q4-2.6
2017 Q11.2
2017 Q22.1
2017 Q3-0.5
2017 Q4-6.4
2018 Q1-5.2
2018 Q2-8.8
2018 Q3-10.9
2018 Q4-16.0
2019 Q1-2.7
2019 Q2-5.8
2019 Q31.9
2019 Q4-15.6
2020 Q17.7
2020 Q219.2
2020 Q37.3
2020 Q4-3.0
2021 Q1-14.9
2021 Q2-9.9
2021 Q3-14.0
2021 Q4-9.4
2022 Q1-3.9
2022 Q2-0.6
2022 Q30.6
2022 Q44.1
2023 Q111.3
2023 Q27.6
2023 Q313.2
2023 Q45.8
2024 Q12.6
2024 Q26.8
2024 Q31.7
2024 Q4-1.9
2025 Q11.5
2025 Q20.7
2025 Q30.7
2025 Q42.8
2026 Q11.0
2026 Q2-1.0
Lending conditions, with price and non-price terms
Lending conditions, with price and non-price terms
QuarterOverall balancePricing balanceNon-price balance
1999 Q242.1445.0039.29
1999 Q323.5428.3218.76
1999 Q427.1231.4622.78
2000 Q13.162.084.24
2000 Q230.2835.8024.76
2000 Q314.1911.8516.53
2000 Q440.0140.4539.57
2001 Q145.9752.2539.69
2001 Q220.9326.3315.53
2001 Q318.2924.3012.28
2001 Q419.1718.0120.32
2002 Q121.5316.6026.45
2002 Q220.1717.1723.16
2002 Q327.5429.5025.57
2002 Q421.7019.6223.79
2003 Q118.7920.0917.49
2003 Q210.236.4414.03
2003 Q36.64-0.8114.09
2003 Q43.822.205.43
2004 Q1-20.69-19.19-22.19
2004 Q2-20.17-24.97-15.36
2004 Q3-31.57-35.97-27.16
2004 Q4-31.80-28.26-35.34
2005 Q1-28.84-33.92-23.76
2005 Q2-33.43-33.21-33.66
2005 Q3-9.05-8.42-9.67
2005 Q4-11.13-16.14-6.11
2006 Q1-8.46-7.31-9.61
2006 Q2-10.20-11.16-9.23
2006 Q36.630.3112.96
2006 Q4-1.15-3.050.74
2007 Q1-17.07-21.17-12.96
2007 Q2-21.94-23.84-20.04
2007 Q333.6928.9738.40
2007 Q447.3740.9753.76
2008 Q141.9546.8037.10
2008 Q238.9946.5231.46
2008 Q349.7746.5353.01
2008 Q475.8180.1171.51
2009 Q160.3181.7338.89
2009 Q233.3942.5824.20
2009 Q36.665.497.84
2009 Q4-8.71-14.72-2.70
2010 Q1-18.94-25.30-12.58
2010 Q2-24.79-36.84-12.73
2010 Q3-22.26-30.30-14.22
2010 Q4-36.38-47.57-25.19
2011 Q1-31.71-49.07-14.34
2011 Q2-49.64-57.07-42.21
2011 Q3-26.88-33.47-20.28
2011 Q4-6.332.01-14.67
2012 Q1-16.89-20.90-12.87
2012 Q2-10.83-13.52-8.14
2012 Q3-15.84-15.87-15.80
2012 Q4-3.41-1.68-5.13
2013 Q1-5.79-9.54-2.04
2013 Q2-12.72-15.40-10.05
2013 Q3-7.35-12.47-2.21
2013 Q4-10.84-17.52-4.17
2014 Q1-10.92-14.84-7.00
2014 Q2-12.84-13.22-12.45
2014 Q3-10.45-20.41-0.49
2014 Q4-2.70-0.48-4.92
2015 Q16.66-4.5217.84
2015 Q21.400.002.80
2015 Q34.19-0.288.66
2015 Q45.394.406.39
2016 Q16.395.177.60
2016 Q223.8712.5635.18
2016 Q33.250.066.43
2016 Q4-2.62-0.28-4.96
2017 Q11.181.011.35
2017 Q22.068.33-4.22
2017 Q3-0.47-0.04-0.90
2017 Q4-6.36-8.72-4.00
2018 Q1-5.24-9.38-1.10
2018 Q2-8.85-8.93-8.78
2018 Q3-10.94-8.78-13.11
2018 Q4-15.98-19.05-12.91
2019 Q1-2.67-5.800.46
2019 Q2-5.76-4.67-6.85
2019 Q31.94-1.385.26
2019 Q4-15.62-16.58-14.65
2020 Q17.6922.24-6.87
2020 Q219.1626.1412.18
2020 Q37.2816.88-2.33
2020 Q4-3.03-3.05-3.00
2021 Q1-14.95-22.93-6.98
2021 Q2-9.933.63-23.49
2021 Q3-14.02-9.02-19.02
2021 Q4-9.38-8.68-10.07
2022 Q1-3.88-3.45-4.31
2022 Q2-0.641.57-2.86
2022 Q30.577.76-6.62
2022 Q44.0711.25-3.12
2023 Q111.3012.4210.19
2023 Q27.6110.984.24
2023 Q313.2017.468.93
2023 Q45.7611.140.37
2024 Q12.644.550.72
2024 Q26.85-2.6216.31
2024 Q31.710.003.43
2024 Q4-1.89-3.05-0.73
2025 Q11.51-3.056.08
2025 Q20.67-3.114.44
2025 Q30.67-3.114.44
2025 Q42.81-3.118.73
2026 Q10.96-3.115.03
2026 Q2-1.04-3.111.04

The Bank surveys senior loan officers about changes in business lending conditions. The weighted balance subtracts the share reporting easing from the share reporting tightening; it does not measure how large those changes were. Price and non-price terms can move differently. This is not an interest rate, a loan refusal rate or the share of firms denied credit.

Source: Bank of Canada — Senior Loan Officer Survey, business lending conditions. Overall business index is the average of pricing and non-pricing balances. Quarterly reference dates are labelled as quarters, not publication dates.

Business insolvencies4,7582025-09 to 2026-08 · twelve-month total
Bankruptcies / proposals3,573 / 1,185The two components reconcile to the business total
Change from prior twelve months-6.56%Compared with the preceding, non-overlapping twelve months

These are filings under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act: bankruptcies and formal proposals to creditors. Corporate businesses and individuals whose business liabilities are at least half their total liabilities are included. Consumer insolvencies are separate. CCAA restructurings and receiverships are outside this monthly series. A proposal is not automatically a business closure.

Business financial distress by province and territory, trailing twelve months
Business financial distress by province and territory, trailing twelve months
RegionBusiness insolvenciesBankruptciesProposalsCorporateIndividual businessChange from prior 12 months (%)Consumer insolvencies, separate
Canada4,7583,5731,1853,5951,163-6.56146,135
Newfoundland and Labrador221481480.002,405
Prince Edward Island50505-16.67650
Nova Scotia4623232818-17.864,340
New Brunswick44321222227.323,591
Quebec2,5711,9945772,278293-6.9535,418
Ontario1,4231,085338984439-3.3956,333
Manitoba3729816215.714,179
Saskatchewan402218733-33.333,642
Alberta302184118121181-9.8518,947
British Columbia26618977123143-11.0416,470
Yukon00000-100.0066
Northwest Territories10110Not published72
Nunavut11010Not published22
Monthly insolvency history, Canada
Monthly insolvency history, Canada
MonthBusiness insolvenciesBankruptciesProposalsCorporateIndividual businessConsumer insolvencies, separate
1987-01705685201905152,060
1987-02711699121875242,185
1987-03751726251885632,245
1987-04649637121724772,071
1987-05645626191654801,884
1987-06713700131685452,209
1987-07575565101574181,912
1987-0859158291314601,991
1987-09627616111474802,042
1987-1067366581804932,134
1987-11651633181984532,176
1987-12656634222124441,826
1988-01665645201944711,970
1988-02805793122065992,347
1988-03790773172185722,467
1988-04650635151824682,066
1988-05685672131555302,183
1988-06640629111814592,174
1988-07613601121644491,839
1988-08719706132274922,222
1988-09695681141915042,238
1988-10636618181954412,277
1988-11768747212465222,498
1988-12658646122274311,867
1989-0165464681884662,203
1989-02804790142585462,267
1989-03766749172385282,365
1989-04750736141985522,246
1989-05785762232295562,441
1989-06723711122095142,476
1989-07612597151774352,039
1989-08708694142005082,626
1989-09692675172244682,639
1989-10870846242735972,863
1989-11846825212505963,001
1989-12724704202274972,347
1990-01861846152556062,770
1990-02916886302956212,900
1990-03948917312946543,288
1990-04949923262946552,937
1990-05955922332826733,385
1990-06906880262956113,341
1990-07878855232716073,346
1990-081,0741,054203357394,004
1990-091,007986212847233,568
1990-101,2261,199273548724,843
1990-111,2141,183313638514,967
1990-121,0981,065333427563,975
1991-011,2471,219283389094,907
1991-021,3331,290433799545,102
1991-031,2221,190323328905,184
1991-041,1951,163323648315,655
1991-051,1811,156253418405,398
1991-061,015997183067094,831
1991-071,0521,019332927605,206
1991-081,0941,084102908044,998
1991-091,005983222547515,299
1991-101,2441,218263478975,798
1991-111,2381,220183478915,809
1991-121,0441,029152777674,827
1992-011,2491,232173339165,410
1992-021,1901,165253418495,653
1992-031,3531,331223679865,843
1992-041,2171,195223179005,413
1992-051,1321,113192798534,991
1992-061,3581,342163181,0405,516
1992-071,1731,154192838905,135
1992-081,1041,077272748304,516
1992-091,2991,275243189815,216
1992-101,2201,195253109104,988
1992-111,2491,216333568935,134
1992-121,1491,084653408094,828
1993-011,1091,029803247854,545
1993-021,3011,227744098924,846
1993-031,3821,307753839995,572
1993-041,1591,090693358244,898
1993-051,040976642777634,604
1993-061,1121,039733297834,858
1993-07938869692916474,385
1993-08915863522506654,437
1993-091,0881,027613137754,553
1993-101,1081,016923287804,631
1993-111,1271,048793138145,011
1993-121,046949973876594,278
1994-01971880913136583,823
1994-021,008946623166924,674
1994-031,2681,183853609085,543
1994-041,027961662977304,596
1994-05977917602816964,738
1994-061,0961,021753187784,795
1994-07846791552505964,186
1994-08901826752546474,683
1994-09976913632826944,962
1994-101,017955623296884,739
1994-111,1571,080773168414,987
1994-12997917803316664,112
1995-01970905653186524,428
1995-021,1881,091973168725,149
1995-031,3521,257953819716,072
1995-041,070993773157555,094
1995-051,1991,117823298706,028
1995-061,1481,079693378115,764
1995-071,018942763077115,139
1995-081,0961,016803257716,267
1995-091,0811,011703237585,945
1995-101,1951,110853498466,606
1995-111,2961,1961003819156,451
1995-121,1881,102863518375,215
1996-011,3531,2511024539006,323
1996-021,3901,293974239676,850
1996-031,3681,280883899796,931
1996-041,3321,2121204109226,925
1996-051,3521,2151373629907,419
1996-061,1101,016943127986,692
1996-071,1121,029833657476,503
1996-081,1181,024943437756,640
1996-091,1861,104823388487,028
1996-101,2251,1111143578687,852
1996-111,2201,1061143528687,328
1996-121,054958963237316,745
1997-011,1621,075873637997,159
1997-021,3011,1861153819207,637
1997-031,1701,0681023548167,504
1997-041,3221,1991233829409,002
1997-051,1721,0561163128608,054
1997-061,058976822597997,514
1997-071,1021,0001023187847,305
1997-08949870792526977,321
1997-091,014940742897258,351
1997-101,1121,0071053068067,789
1997-111,0269101162967306,526
1997-121,0169051113416756,215
1998-01940857832826585,806
1998-021,1151,0071083128036,929
1998-031,1151,022933177987,973
1998-041,0449231212767687,599
1998-059618481132896727,435
1998-061,0539501032727817,915
1998-079658461192756906,474
1998-088427261162336096,072
1998-091,011916952677446,821
1998-101,0639301333337306,866
1998-111,0849581263117736,940
1998-129318121192916406,026
1999-019508361142896615,821
1999-021,0058661393096966,956
1999-031,2011,0621393488538,118
1999-049798361432677127,389
1999-059448161282656796,869
1999-061,0379161212617767,152
1999-078527451072256276,332
1999-088217011201826396,460
1999-099147831312346807,235
1999-108927711212586347,141
1999-111,0679081592957727,586
1999-129397931462846556,197
2000-019288091192506786,290
2000-021,0738961772847897,641
2000-031,1719901813038688,468
2000-049157911242416746,961
2000-051,0599021572588017,853
2000-069828161662747087,960
2000-079387671712776616,558
2000-089118061052087037,511
2000-099448041402437017,472
2000-101,0398931462767637,770
2000-111,0418901512497927,769
2000-128206961242495715,602
2001-011,0518911602677847,110
2001-021,0408981422867547,344
2001-031,2081,0022063358738,484
2001-041,0899191702838067,637
2001-051,1079431642838248,351
2001-061,0318781532647678,027
2001-078477261212206277,141
2001-089057601452196867,887
2001-097826621202015817,361
2001-101,2321,0461863199138,900
2001-111,1109261843277838,503
2001-12846748982466006,674
2002-011,0849161682788067,643
2002-021,0118321792467657,602
2002-031,0769101662498277,991
2002-041,0738981752987758,422
2002-051,0588721862528068,300
2002-068677261412166517,319
2002-078637021612406237,491
2002-089097371722456647,579
2002-098407151252106307,934
2002-109297461832676628,625
2002-118757621132486277,673
2002-127876471402285596,737
2003-019087611472556537,599
2003-029027621402416618,417
2003-031,0448611833007448,930
2003-049737911822607138,923
2003-059297591702786518,645
2003-068987631352446548,628
2003-078217011202146078,392
2003-087045721321845207,568
2003-098857341512626238,612
2003-109267521742466809,451
2003-118497071422446058,197
2003-128396861532306097,356
2004-018086721362355737,346
2004-029227711512636598,620
2004-031,05087717330674410,315
2004-048517161352036489,075
2004-057496261231985518,357
2004-068887091792376518,864
2004-077546201342235317,598
2004-087295971322145157,909
2004-097305801502215098,425
2004-107536201332015528,395
2004-118486811672555938,817
2004-127856671182235627,335
2005-017425971452265167,449
2005-028857361492486378,637
2005-039427891532606829,391
2005-048757061692166599,588
2005-058326861462395939,004
2005-067536261271845699,020
2005-076415231181574847,432
2005-086575531041684898,410
2005-097085861222104988,603
2005-107125871252204928,623
2005-117325851472255079,211
2005-127015631382024997,236
2006-017446241202075377,582
2006-027325901422454878,236
2006-038356781572346019,608
2006-046675531141744938,121
2006-057676371302205478,631
2006-067336121212085258,383
2006-075484481001793697,162
2006-085744671071873878,264
2006-096165011151944228,227
2006-107115881232284838,719
2006-116455441012204258,715
2006-12599505941964036,840
2007-016645311331994657,924
2007-027105991111945168,185
2007-037256151102444819,243
2007-046765421342394378,588
2007-056545321222164389,365
2007-06627530972004278,410
2007-075874871001883997,857
2007-08597501961974008,666
2007-095544491051883668,040
2007-106205131072154059,278
2007-116435271162094349,067
2007-12555467882063496,670
2008-016295251042194108,293
2008-026785691092294499,151
2008-037155651502694468,702
2008-0471559212327843710,218
2008-056575541032344239,480
2008-06550465852023488,988
2008-075694561132213489,544
2008-085744691052253498,788
2008-095704898121635410,628
2008-1063049613426436611,484
2008-116055069925235310,589
2008-12553478752323219,924
2009-0156744811927229510,208
2009-0261447513928433011,706
2009-0361550710828533013,629
2009-0463752910826537213,818
2009-0557446411024732712,639
2009-0662651511128334313,792
2009-075264329424628013,091
2009-084663709620626012,033
2009-095794879222535415,465
2009-1054342911427426912,456
2009-1151639612025426212,111
2009-124663689822823810,764
2010-0146235410821125110,018
2010-0245734611124221511,041
2010-0352640312327025612,796
2010-0455343511829925412,435
2010-054033188519520811,123
2010-064453539222422111,900
2010-073702947618118910,373
2010-083702898117020010,581
2010-0941029411619221811,378
2010-103712927917020111,442
2010-114243358923419012,003
2010-12435359762262099,918
2011-01360284761821789,206
2011-023682878119717110,265
2011-0353839913927626212,133
2011-044013188322617510,922
2011-0542731511223619110,579
2011-0642932410522720210,592
2011-07293219741511428,815
2011-083662976917419210,178
2011-0940530010522018510,307
2011-104013011002491529,968
2011-1141230810423218010,863
2011-12375291842221539,171
2012-01370275952051658,944
2012-024033049922817510,449
2012-0341930411522319611,020
2012-043632768719317010,374
2012-0540328411922717610,994
2012-06342263791981449,907
2012-07316247691871299,249
2012-08332244881991339,746
2012-09361263982221399,055
2012-1034324110220114210,754
2012-1138028010022715310,232
2012-12321255661951267,674
2013-01319240792141059,347
2013-023962781182481489,279
2013-033702888223813210,161
2013-0440030010023316711,157
2013-0539028710324814211,187
2013-063332301032161179,528
2013-07319247722151049,757
2013-08334256782131219,636
2013-09333254792121219,796
2013-103772829526011710,911
2013-11342245972231199,829
2013-12368280882571118,090
2014-01323247762041198,825
2014-02356247109261959,574
2014-0338128110024313810,371
2014-043942979728211210,739
2014-053712749725411710,778
2014-06319234852171029,501
2014-07319245742171029,911
2014-0830922782223869,114
2014-09315250652259010,063
2014-104043109427712710,801
2014-1135526392273829,383
2014-12373241132286878,990
2015-0132022991227938,763
2015-023632571062561079,714
2015-034053099627912611,381
2015-0438528310226611911,020
2015-05310235752159510,295
2015-063572688925110610,463
2015-07313241722278610,338
2015-0826020060184769,221
2015-093632729125910410,262
2015-10329240892309910,593
2015-113582837524711110,059
2015-12344272722411039,500
2016-0127921762203768,794
2016-023752731022809510,657
2016-033762938327610011,625
2016-043552471082678811,560
2016-05338248902399911,437
2016-06334261732538111,266
2016-0725919762177829,503
2016-08295221742257010,184
2016-09294224702177710,729
2016-10307231762198810,398
2016-113342291052518310,920
2016-1230324360223808,805
2017-0123017753173579,043
2017-02330229101246849,861
2017-03369276932779211,780
2017-04305239662178810,089
2017-05354284702589611,311
2017-06294226682247010,554
2017-0725319756174799,272
2017-08291208832068510,141
2017-09246180661776910,122
2017-10326250762319510,659
2017-11313222912258810,775
2017-1229821286220788,591
2018-0126519174198679,308
2018-02335255802291069,774
2018-03330254762329811,315
2018-04299239602207910,782
2018-053152219421210311,400
2018-06264196681966810,474
2018-0725819068187719,829
2018-08279209702027710,479
2018-09289210792098010,005
2018-10319240792259411,641
2018-113412371042449711,320
2018-1228623551206808,939
2019-0129222765207859,973
2019-02318245732397910,303
2019-033622818125610611,963
2019-04363278852669711,785
2019-05316236802269012,375
2019-06295212832108510,916
2019-073362508623610011,489
2019-08239177621627711,284
2019-09252190621846811,935
2019-103122189420111113,200
2019-11302218842208211,821
2019-12293214792157810,134
2020-01308222862288011,029
2020-02324233912289611,251
2020-03251175761896210,947
2020-0416410856128366,700
2020-0519315241152416,111
2020-0625019159215356,349
2020-0721817741178406,585
2020-0817813840143356,464
2020-0923218844179537,658
2020-1024017862180608,135
2020-1121116546150617,919
2020-1221718136172457,310
2021-0116312934119447,086
2021-0220115744161407,514
2021-0323918554192479,224
2021-0420014852158428,004
2021-0518515530146397,437
2021-0622317350177467,448
2021-0716012436128326,604
2021-0816813731124447,012
2021-0920815553159497,497
2021-1023018842172587,419
2021-1122817949176528,102
2021-1227521263230456,745
2022-0121317835159546,566
2022-0227619977198787,392
2022-0331823979227919,195
2022-0425819662204547,954
2022-0523518550171648,425
2022-0630324261215888,907
2022-0723218646174587,822
2022-0827922356200798,882
2022-0928520679205809,156
2022-1030323865234698,814
2022-11361275862601019,423
2022-1233925485248917,648
2023-0133126368267648,735
2023-0230423470224809,222
2023-0343533110433510011,768
2023-0434425589249959,616
2023-053742839127010410,961
2023-063722878527210010,647
2023-0734624898268789,482
2023-08383290932939010,459
2023-09400308923158510,530
2023-104943731214039111,091
2023-1149438411037611811,682
2023-1253344687441929,040
2024-0175962513464111810,788
2024-0267553214355911611,542
2024-0356944212746110811,555
2024-0455143211943811311,791
2024-0553041611442110912,195
2024-0646035110934211811,096
2024-0745433911535310111,748
2024-08412316963209211,388
2024-0944632312333311311,452
2024-1046933213734012912,723
2024-114693749534612311,725
2024-12394289105306889,292
2025-014243241003368811,196
2025-024563391173579910,903
2025-0345234810433511712,126
2025-04468373953729611,646
2025-05391301903078412,004
2025-064193279231410511,464
2025-07376286902869012,285
2025-08328261672488011,303
2025-0940429411030210212,668
2025-104293281013329712,662
2025-11356273832639311,548
2025-12337260772607710,652
2026-01367288792788911,408
2026-02408320883208812,307
2026-0345733512235410313,406
2026-0443429813632111312,580
2026-0540530010530510012,131
2026-0644232212032611612,812
2026-07375294812779812,204
2026-08344261832578711,757

Source: Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy — Historical insolvency statistics, monthly, January 1987 to July 2026. Monthly unadjusted filings; national history January 1987–August 2026. The twelve-month window reduces seasonal noise but is not seasonal adjustment.

Chapter 6§

What would connect these separate records

Name the missing evidence, preserve the source editions, and explain what could change the reading.

Evidence gap

Is Canada renewing its business base?

What is missing: The released aggregates do not connect the same firms through employer entry or exit, borrowing, credit applications and formal insolvency. Their populations, periods and seasonal treatment differ; current permanent exits are unavailable.

Consequence: Read employer activity, financial conditions and distress together while keeping their populations distinct. A useful assessment needs both the national trajectory and the geography, industry, size and reporting-lag detail behind it.

What would close it: Compatible, privacy-preserving released cohort tables with stable definitions, comparable employment and credit populations, known reporting lags and the uncertainty needed to assess relationships.
Five records, five different questions
Five records, five different questions
RecordPopulation and measureWhat it does not establish
Employer dynamicsBusinesses with employees; monthly activity transitions.Every company formation, all self-employment, or the survival of a cohort.
Employment-size dynamicsEmployers grouped by their employment size, with special closure sizing.A clean decomposition of the separately adjusted main total.
Corporate creditOutstanding debt of private non-financial corporations.Access to credit for every firm, new lending, or the burden relative to profits.
Lending surveyWeighted lenders’ opinions about changes to terms.A firm-level approval rate, an interest rate, or the size of tightening.
BIA insolvency filingsCorporate and individual business bankruptcies and proposals.All business closures, all restructuring proceedings, or a statistical exit rate.

The combined reading is descriptive. It does not attribute closures to credit conditions, infer productivity from entry, or follow the same businesses through loans, employment and insolvency. Compatible released aggregates with stable cohorts and comparable populations would be needed to answer those questions.

Exit estimates appear with a publication lag. Missing exits remain unavailable, not zero; the entry-and-exit table identifies the available periods.

Reference periods and evidence boundaries
Reference periods and evidence boundaries
EvidencePeriodCoverage
Employer dynamics2026-06Seasonally adjusted employer businesses; recent exits unavailable
Corporate credit2026-08Private non-financial corporations; nominal, seasonally adjusted
Lending conditions2026 Q2Weighted survey balances
Insolvencies2026-08BIA bankruptcies and proposals; unadjusted filings
Inspect the captured source editions and definitions

33100270-metadata · captured 2026-09-29 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 81c12dd738d11906f81720d63ee076ecd63e9d54e771b41e1902bc2b1c616de6

33100722-metadata · captured 2026-09-29 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 0b57b9aba7372c6274275e44694755c5fd3e8e7addfc5fae612ea5725f087bfa

boc-slos · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 824692b6ce350ce7e48ccdccb2bb5f65c81500676b67056144efeae8dcc6e5be

dynamics · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 535d63d9256e663794f516ef57b848f3b5e586b1610f2d4118cba42ea9c3210d

osb · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: c15282cb9c48b5d3cd506100a45bcb9cacb3a6302a45fea410463602e3c41d33

osb-catalogue · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: d3a92c42c76fa68f6986da92051649213f7a43e16d9167e42fccafdbd5c8df8a

size · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 83dc0f885c2a03b5c921a1d5b42e12277b86e8d30896667a3cd114f58b7a093d

36100640-data · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 2c81e14e2ff6cee2177ce65a8e91fda1f2a571a4c5c82bd4a668fb7c2cf38e0d

36100640-metadata · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 4e1ec2140a3f925cad3a43e35213ff3ff35e96f0aa889c59b3b01e75effbede2

boc-slos-method · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: fea9e281c66f90a9ddc3f182829b0e9bb2d046a93ee8954f5120ae8b8299fb20

boc-terms · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 9efacbdc18c6ca13b4b555893d507604c9f991de81e6ad2ce4183ff6500fc84f

credit-guide · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: d931ef0bd22de5f7e5a1df6ae673b2b5cd62117309b76cd3285b8b985624e5ba

osb-method · captured 2026-10-26 · issuer source
Original response SHA-256: 8a4b2f6e882bf8b5c068a2b8442ca742a6ee44d2d16f60aeb2a820e0055a7d7f

Adapted from Statistics Canada, tables 33-10-0270-01, 33-10-0722-01 and 36-10-0640-01; the individual capture dates are shown above. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.

HICC and OSB information is licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada. Statistics Canada information is used under its Open Licence.

Bank of Canada survey data are reproduced and reformatted from the Bank’s published record under its Terms of Use. Survey values are unchanged; charting, quarter labels and interpretation are Countability’s. No Bank endorsement is implied. The original data are available free of charge from the Bank.

Directly observed

No section of this Brief currently carries an audited outcome — zero is shown, not hidden.

Unresolved

Method and limitations

This Brief and its cited evidence are free to read. A related commissioned Brief can address a different question, scope or agreed update schedule.

Commission a related Brief.